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August 3, 2015
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Oil sands, heavy oil, and bitumen : from recovery to refinery

 download (3)During the late 1970s, when I was a graduate student just stepping into the petroleum arena and working toward my doctorate, the biggest fear in this field was the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC). At that time, OPEC had an extraordinary influence over world oil industries. Baby boomers will remember the notorious “OPEC shock” of the ’70s, which caused panic in this country and had an immediate economic impact all over the world. More than a quarter-century later, that worry has diminished. OPEC’s ability to control the industry has immensely decreased, mostly because of the increasing availability of unconventional resources around the world. The vast oil sands deposits found in Canada—which are the second largest reserve, after the conventional resources in Saudi Arabia—changed everything. Few would disagree that the balance of power has shifted from the Middle East to the West. Canadian oil sands have become the focal point and comprise a major future energy source for the entire world—and will remain such as long as the price of conventional oil remains high.

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July 31, 2015
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Albania Country Report – BTI 2014

Albania Country Report 2014This report is part of the Bertelsmann Stiftung’s Transformation Index (BTI) 2014. It covers the period from 31 January 2011 to 31 January 2013. The BTI assesses the transformation toward democracy and a market economy as well as the quality of political management in 129 countries. More on the BTI at http://www.bti-project.org.
Please cite as follows: Bertelsmann Stiftung, BTI 2014 — Albania Country Report. Gütersloh: Bertelsmann Stiftung, 2014.

The evolution of Albania’s fragile democracy during the review period (which did not include the 2013 elections and post-electoral period) showed signs of a downward spiral. Indicators of this trend include the government’s demonstrative failure to organize free and fair local elections in 2011; infringement of the principle of separation of powers through the placing of majority party’s representatives in crucial state positions; political interference in major political investigations; and a failure of the judiciary to persecute cases of abuse of public office. The core problem is not the lack of democratic institutions and procedures, but the misuse of laws and institutions by the ruling elite for political or individual gain. This shift, or elites’ focus on political or individual goals at the expense of institutional procedures, has additionally worked to stagnate or even reverse some important steps taken in management performance and economic development.

[embeddoc url=”https://info.aea-al.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/BTI_2014_Albania.pdf” viewer=”google”]

July 31, 2015
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Green Energy Efficient Schools for Albania 2015-Case Study

Green Energy-Efficient Schools for AlbaniaThe Albanian government’s commitment to sustainability, the country’s favorable climate for renewable energy initiatives, and an overall enthusiasm for education among its citizens make Albania an ideal environment for a thriving “green schools” movement. With investments from both the international community and the Albanian government, the country is well positioned to transform education, generate employment opportunities, and boost GDP by engaging in a greening process in its schools. A series of changes to improve energy efficiency, air quality, indoor/outdoor facilities, and other design elements will:
1. Improve health, safety, and comfort conditions;
2. Provide uninterrupted electricity in schools;
3. Generate 220,000 new jobs; and
4. Increase GDP by US$880 million.
These achievements will also pave the way for Albania to launch a solar industry nationwide and become a leader in the green schools movement regionally. Sustainability Solutions Initiatives evaluated the opportunities, challenges, impacts, and costs for making Albania’s more than 3,300 school buildings safer, healthier, and more energy efficient and sustainable learning environments. Currently, Albania’s schools—particularly those in rural areas—suffer frequent power outages because they have limited access to a national electric grid that manages only a 60 percent reliability rate. Overall, however, the school buildings themselves have foundations that are well suited to energy efficiency with some basic modifications. While major improvements are needed in some areas to make the schools both energy efficient and compliant with Albania’s new EU-based standards for educational facilities, if implemented properly, the amount of resources needed to power the schools will be significantly lower than would be used by
standard building renovations. With that in mind, the ASU research team conducted a comprehensive study, which involved a literature review; software-based modeling for various energy, comfort, and impact scenarios; cost-data gathering and analysis; and evaluations of the results. The study is detailed in the following report.

[embeddoc url=”https://info.aea-al.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/AlbaniaGreenSchools-FinalReport.pdf” viewer=”google”]

July 31, 2015
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Energy Efficiency in Albania 2013

energy efficiency albaniaThe process of European integration aims to bring peace and economic prosperity to Europe through the integration of markets and the presence of a safety net for citizens. Within the EU and its member-states, energy and environment are two of the most pressing issues of today. The prospect of sharply rising energy prices and increasing dependence on imports makes the EU energy supply less reliable, and jeopardizes the whole economy. Reducing emissions and curbing climate change are key objectives of the EU energy policy. Environmental policy is one of the most relevant examples of the progressive institutionalization of a system of government built around the original aim of economic integration. Today, indeed, many of the regulations in a Member State’s environmental legal framework are a direct or indirect emanation of the Acquis Communautaire. Candidate and potential candidate countries, when adapting national norms to EU standards, are faced with quite challenging institutional, financial and technical issues. A committed and long-term political agenda can transform these issues into a greater opportunity for development. The present report aims at describing the sub-sector of Energy Efficiency in Albania, as Potential Candidate country, its recent developments and its challenges. It presents the results of a desk study undertaken by the Consultant between May and July 2013 in Albania.

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July 28, 2015
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Energy Management and Efficiency for the Process Industries

0034efa5_mediumProvides a unique overview of energy management for the process industries

Provides an overall approach to energy management and places the technical issues that drive energy efficiency in context
Combines the perspectives of freewheeling consultants and corporate insiders
In two sections, the book provides the organizational framework (Section 1) within which the technical aspects of energy management, described in Section 2, can be most effectively executed
Includes success stories from three very different companies that have achieved excellence in their energy management efforts
Covers energy management, including the role of the energy manager, designing and implementing energy management programs, energy benchmarking, reporting, and energy management systems
Technical topics cover efficiency improvement opportunities in a wide range of utility systems and process equipment types, as well as techniques to improve process design and operation.

Send an email to Download in PDF format.

[embeddoc url=”https://info.aea-al.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/1118838254.pdf” viewer=”google”]

July 28, 2015
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Energy Audit of Building Systems: An Engineering Approach

Features

  • Describes state-of-the-art energy efficiency techniques, providing chapter-end abstracts and summaries
  • Includes simplified calculation methods for evaluating effectiveness of various efficiency measures
  • Takes a systematic approach to energy analysis of building energy performance
  • Covers fundamental principles and concepts of heat transfer, HVAC, engineering economics, energy simulation, and electrical systems for buildings
  • Addresses other building considerations, including thermal comfort, indoor air quality, and water management

Summary

Energy Audit of Building Systems: An Engineering Approach, Second EditionBuildings account for almost half of total primary energy use and related greenhouse emissions worldwide. Although current energy systems are improving, they still fall disappointingly short of meeting acceptable limits for efficiency.

Well-trained energy auditors are essential to the success of building energy efficiency programs—and Energy Audit of Building Systems: An Engineering Approach, Second Edition updates a bestselling guide to helping them improve their craft. This book outlines a systematic, proven strategy to employ analysis methods to assess the effectiveness of a wide range of technologies and techniques that can save energy and reduce operating costs in residential and commercial buildings.

Useful to auditors, managers, and students of energy systems, material is organized into 17 self-contained chapters, each detailing a specific building subsystem or energy efficiency technology. Rooted in established engineering principles, this volume:

  • Explores state-of-the-art techniques and technologies to reduce energy consumption in buildings
  • Lays out innovative energy efficiency technologies and strategies, as well as more established methods, to estimate energy savings from conservation measures
  • Provides several calculation examples to outline applications of methods

To help readers execute and optimize real building energy audits, the author presents several case studies of existing detailed energy audit reports. These include results from field testing, building energy simulation, and retrofit analysis of existing buildings, with recommendations based on sound economic analysis. Examining various subsystems, such as lighting, heating, and cooling systems, it provides an overview of basic engineering methods used to verify and measure actual energy savings attributed to energy efficiency projects. The author presents simplified calculation methods to evaluate their effectiveness and ultimately improve on them. Ideal either as a professional reference or a text for continuing education courses, this book fortifies readers’ understanding of building energy systems, paving the way for future breakthroughs.

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