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Dozens of airports in Southeastern Europe invest in solar power, energy efficiency

Airports in Istanbul and Athens are becoming completely self-reliant with their large solar power projects. Many other airports in Southeastern Europe are investing in photovoltaics as well. Together with energy efficiency, electric mobility and waste and wastewater management projects, they aim to decarbonize their operations and reduce their environmental impact.

Surfaces around infrastructure such as railways and motorways are convenient for solar power as there are few alternatives for their use and the technology can directly provide them with electricity. Airports, too, have embraced the global trend of introducing photovoltaics and electrifying operations, and Southeastern Europe is no exception, with several notable investments.

The largest ones in Istanbul and Athens are about to switch 100% to solar power, which would make them some of the first in the world. In addition, airports in the region are increasing energy efficiency and rolling out electric vehicle fleets. They are introducing resource, waste and wastewater management systems to decarbonize their operations and reduce their environmental impact.

Airport operator in Albania expanding to solar power market

In other recent news, the operator of Kukës International Airport Zayed in Albania’s northeast is in the process of obtaining a license to generate and trade electricity. Namely, the company, Global Technical Mechanics, received a concession five months ago in consortium with local construction firm Bami to build and operate a 12 MW solar power plant.

The location at the village of Shtiqen is in the municipality of Kukës. The airport, built with investments by Emaar Properties from the United Arab Emirates, was inaugurated in 2021. However, it ceased operations in the meantime as Wizz Air withdrew from the facility.

The entire Vlora International Airport, which is under construction, will be covered with solar panels, Albanian officials said earlier. The PV project is for 5.2 MW. A consortium led by Swiss-based Mabco Constructions is building and financing the construction. The firm is part of Mabetex Group, controlled by Behgjet Pacolli, Kosovar businessman and former president, deputy prime minister and foreign minister.

Zagreb Airport starts with small PV unit

Zagreb Airport, which installed a 250 kW photovoltaic unit this year, said it plans to expand it soon. In addition, it switched to 100% renewable energy supply.

Like other airports in the region, the main one in Croatia replaced conventional, halogen lighting with LED. The operator has committed to cutting its emissions in accordance with the recommendations from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).

Zagreb Airport is renovating its buildings and increasingly using solar energy for heating water. Interestingly, it plans to switch from diesel-fueled generators to hydrogen-ready systems.

Athens to integrate strong battery with its arrays

Athens International Airport Eleftherios Venizelos commissioned an 8.05 MW solar park in 2011, followed by another one in 2023, with 15.8 MW in peak capacity.

This year two more units with a combined peak capacity of 35.5 MW are coming online, together with a battery energy storage system (BESS) of 82 MWh.

The operator of Turkey’s largest airport is completing a photovoltaic park of nearly 200 MW and aiming to cover almost all its energy needs from renewable sources by the end of the decade

IGA Istanbul Airport reported that its greenhouse gas emissions in 2024 were 10.5% lower than its goal. Moreover, its operator increased its 2030 renewable energy target from 50% to 90%.

Namely, it expects its Eskişehir solar farm of a whopping 199.3 MW to begin operations before the end of the year. The location spans 300 hectares and the investment amounts to EUR 212 million. The PV park will generate an estimated 340 GWh per year.

Dalaman Airport hosts world’s largest rooftop solar power plant among airport terminals

Several other airports in Turkey are also decarbonizing their electricity systems. TAV Airports Holding (TAV Havalimanları Holding), part of Groupe ADP, completed a solar power plant 6.7 MW in peak capacity at its Milas-Bodrum Airport in the country’s southwest. Within the same project for setting up PV systems at parking areas, the Izmir Adnan Menderes Airport is getting a 5.9 MW unit.

The Izmir Adnan Menderes Airport is getting a 5.9 MW solar power system at parking areas

Dalaman Airport, near Bodrum, operates a solar power plant of 8.3 MW in peak capacity. It is the world’s largest on the roof of an airport terminal building.

The facility now covers more than 55% of its consumption from solar energy. The investment was worth EUR 5.4 million. The operator, YDA Airport Investment and Management, has vowed to reach 100% in phase two. The airport has completely switched to electric vehicles.

In 2023, airports Milas-Bodrum, Gaziantep, Erzurum and Ordu-Giresun all commissioned smaller PV systems.

Romanian operators leaning on EU funds

Iași International Airport is about to expand its 1 MW solar power plant, installed in 2023. It was the first in Romania in the sector. The management intends to add 5 MW and a 2 MW energy storage unit.

The investment will reportedly be supported with a grant from the European Union’s Modernisation Fund. The hybrid power plant is supposed to cover a fifth of the electricity consumption of the facility in Romania’s far northeast.

Maramureş International Airport (AIM) is also seeking funding, for a system of 2.6 MW in peak capacity on parking canopies. It would include battery storage.

The PV unit would feature 25 inverters of 100 kW each. The project, worth EUR 12.1 million, should be complete by the end of next year, the management said. The facility is in Romania’s northwest, near the border with Ukraine and Hungary.

Cluj International Airport Avram Iancu said in December that it would install a PV system with batteries. It claimed it would make it energy independent in 2026. According to the facility’s website, the solar power project is for 2 MW.

Bacau International Airport George Enescu is another one that applied for funds. The management envisages a 1.25 MW solar power unit and a BESS of 2.1 MWh in capacity, to fully cover electricity consumption.

Sibiu International Airport is developing a project for a ground-mounted unit of 1.7 MW in peak capacity. The site is two kilometers from the terminal.

The management is expecting to cover the costs mainly with a grant via the Modernisation Fund. It said the PV park would be completed within a year and a half and suggested that it would introduce electric cars and buses and charging stations.

Notably, National Company Bucharest Airports (CNAB) has a geotermal energy project.

Hermes Airports equipped its two facilities with PV systems in 2023

Hermes Airports commissioned two solar power plants in Cyprus two years ago. The unit at Larnaka International Airport has 3.5 MW in peak capacity and the one at Pafos International Airport has 1.1 MW. They cover 25% and 30%, respectively, of the facilities’ electricity needs.

Belgrade Nikola Tesla Airport in Serbia commissioned a PV system of 1 MW in peak capacity in 2022. The facility’s concessionaire, Vinci Airports, has also set up solar-powered LED lighting.

International airports in Sarajevo and Tuzla in Bosnia and Herzegovina unveiled plans for PV systems a few years ago.

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Deanovec PV project near Zagreb conditionally passes environmental assessment

Croatia’s Ministry of Environmental Protection and Green Transition has decided that no environmental impact assessment study is required for the 65.7 MW Deanovec solar power plant project. The investment was initiated by Statkraft, which recently sold its entire business in the country to Resalta.

The project is planned on the territory of Ivanić-Grad in Zagreb county, with a peak capacity of 65.7 MW. The Deanovec site covers 73.2 hectares, of which photovoltaic modules would occupy around 28 hectares.

In May, Statkraft OIE, the project firm, submitted a request to the ministry to determine whether a full environmental impact assessment is necessary. It submitted the environmental study, produced by Zagreb-based Eko Invest, revealing that the plant would have a 59 MW grid connection.

The ministry concluded that a full environmental impact assessment is not necessary, but the investor must prevent potential harm.

The prescribed measures include coordination with the local hunting rights holder. Protection of watercourses involves preventing precipitation runoff from access roads into nearby streams. Wherever possible, cable lines must be placed within existing infrastructure corridors. The solar park needs to be divided into four fenced sections, with fencing designed to allow the passage of small animals.

Deanovec solar power project deemed environmentally acceptable

According to the decision, the investor must use anti-reflective PV modules, ensure sufficient spacing between them, and install eco-friendly lighting. Vegetation within the solar park must be mechanically maintained, without herbicides or chemicals, while the removal of invasive plant species is mandatory.

The ministry stated that the project is not expected to have significant negative impacts on biodiversity, soil, watercourses, agricultural land, landscape, or air quality, and that the defined mitigation measures are sufficient to avoid potential harm. All relevant authorities provided positive opinions, and the public consultation process did not result in major objections.

Furthermore, the ministry ruled that a comprehensive assessment under the procedure for the network of nature protection areas is not required. Its purpose is to determine whether a planned project could have a significant negative impact on protected areas, including those within the Natura 2000 network. It was concluded that the Deanovec solar power project does not affect or directly threaten these areas.

Norwegian energy giant Statkraft recently announced it was selling all its operations in Croatia to Resalta. However, it is still listed as the owner of the Deanovec project.

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Investors in standalone batteries in Greece request extension as deadline looms

September 30 marks a crucial deadline for standalone battery projects selected through Greece’s first two auctions.

Investors in battery projects of about 700 MW in total are rushing to submit their so-called declarations of readiness to the Independent Power Transmission Operator (IPTO or ADMIE) by the end of September. After that point, the projects must become operational by the end of the year.

Investors claim that a lengthy licensing process, combined with a one year equipment procurement span, means many will be unable to reach the finish line in time. Licensing delays also caused problems with financing.

If a project breaches the deadlines, it will be subject to the loss of the letter of guarantee, resulting in losses that can even reach several million euros, depending on the capacity of the battery.

The deadline for commissioning for projects selected through the third auction, which amount to 200 MW, is April 30.

Market warns of insufficient time for batteries

The Hellenic Association of Energy Storage Systems (HAESS) has asked for more time and a new final declarations deadline, end-July 2026, for the projects selected through all three auctions. It added that the investors of the first two rounds only managed to acquire connection terms by mid-year.

The deadlines are binding to secure funding from the European Union’s Recovery and Resilience Facility (RRF), the organization explained. It means that if the timeframe is breached, selected projects will not receive support.

So far there has been no official statement about the possibility of extending the deadlines. Therefore, it remains to be seen whether the Ministry of Environment and Energy will maintain a strict stance, as Greece urgently needs storage to address ever higher curtailments.

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Turkish firm Astor Enerji to install 2 GWh of battery capacity at its solar projects in Romania

Swiss energy storage provider Energy Vault has signed an agreement to supply up to 2 GWh of battery capacity for the solar power projects of Turkey-based Astor Enerji in Romania. Astor Enerji, for its part, will provide transformers and high-voltage equipment for more than 1 GW of Energy Vault’s battery projects worldwide.

Astor Enerji recently entered the Romanian market through the acquisition of four photovoltaic projects with a total capacity of 279 MW, according to reports. The transactions, which require regulatory approval, were carried out in April through Astor Enerji’s Romanian subsidiary Astor RO Energy.

Astor Enerji has acquired 279 MW of solar projects in Romania

Under the global partnership agreement, Astor will receive battery energy storage systems (BESS) for the four grid-connected photovoltaic projects in Romania, with a total storage capacity of up to 2 GWh, according to a press release from Energy Vault.

Astor Enerji, for its part, will supply transformers and high-voltage equipment for Energy Vault’s BESS projects of over 1 GW overall, planned in the United States, Australia, and Europe.

Olcay Doğan, CFO of Astor Enerji, stated that Energy Vault’s innovative approach to energy storage makes it an ideal partner to support the Turkish company’s expansion into the battery sector.

According to Energy Vault’s chief revenue officer, Marco Terruzzin, the collaboration with Astor Enerji will help build the technology and supply chain capacity to meet surging power demand from artificial intelligence (AI) data centers and the rapid adoption of renewable energy.

Energy Vault has secured USD 300 million for BESS projects around the world

Energy Vault develops and deploys utility-scale energy storage solutions, including proprietary gravity-based storage, battery storage, and green hydrogen energy storage technologies. It recently announced a USD 300 million deal with an investment fund to finance the launch of a subsidiary that will develop, build, own, and operate energy storage assets, standalone or paired with generation facilities, around the world.

Astor Enerji supplies power transformers, distribution transformers, and high-voltage to medium-voltage switchgear to markets in Europe, Africa, Asia, and the United States.

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German startup Voltfang turning used EV batteries into energy storage for solar, wind

German startup Voltfang has opened a plant to manufacture energy storage units for solar and wind from used electric vehicle batteries. The company says the facility is the largest of its kind in Europe, with annual output set to reach 250 MWh in 2026.

The plant in Aachen will produce second-life battery storage systems for commercial, industrial, and large-scale applications. Its annual output is planned to rise to 1 GWh by 2030.

The facility will assemble fridge-sized energy storage units that households and companies can use to store excess electricity generated by solar panels or wind turbines.

Voltfang’s batteries can be used by homes and businesses to store energy from solar or wind facilities

The plant employs around 100 people, and Voltfang claims it is the largest facility in Europe for repurposing lithium-ion batteries.

David Oudsandji, co-founder and managing director of Voltfang, said the company’s goal is to develop high-performance battery storage systems for German and European industry.

Voltfang hopes to turn a profit by next year, but Oudsandji noted that the supply of used EV batteries is still small, as most such vehicles are only a few years old.

The supply of used electric vehicle batteries is still limited

Another obstacle is that new batteries, mainly from China, are becoming increasingly efficient and affordable, while refurbishing old ones is a complex process.

On the other hand, it is more sustainable and helps create a circular economy and ensure energy independence, according to Oudsandji.

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Agios Efstratios becomes Greece’s first energy-autonomous island

A hybrid energy project transforming Agios Efstratios into the first energy-autonomous island in Greece is in trial operation. The system consists of a wind turbine, solar power plant, batteries, electric boilers and a district heating network.

It is a benchmark for the non-interconnected islands that won’t be connected to the mainland grid with undersea power cables.

Agios Efstratios is no longer renowned only for its history and natural beauty. It is an example of energy autonomy and sustainability. The island, also known as Ai Stratis, became the first non-interconnected Greek island with a 100% electricity supply from renewables. And more.

A pioneering energy complex is in trial operation. Agios Efstratios, which has only some 250 permanent residents, is in a group of small islands undergoing transformation through projects launched at the national level and benefiting from European Union funding.

Terna Energy completed hybrid energy system in Agios Efstratios

The Centre for Renewable Energy Sources and Saving (CRES or KAPE), an independent public entity, is responsible for the endeavor, on behalf of the Municipality of Agios Efstratios. Terna Energy, owned by Masdar, is the contractor for the works in the small North Aegean island.

The new hybrid energy system includes a 900 kW Enercon E44 wind turbine and a solar power unit of 225 kW. Their combined annual output is estimated at above 3 GWh.

Excess electricity is stored. One unit is a Tesla Megapack battery energy storage system (BESS) of 1.25 MW in operating power and a two-hour duration. It means the capacity is 2.5 MWh. There is also an electric boiler facility of 1 MW with hot water storage tanks that can hold 500 cubic meters of water at 120 degrees Celsius. It corresponds to 25 MWh.

The district heating network in Agios Efstratios is four kilometers long. It will be tested in the winter.

An oil-fired generator operated by state-controlled Public Power Corp. (PPC) remains as backup. It can work alongside the hybrid power plant.

Greece is connecting many islands to mainland power grid

The solutions from Agios Efstratios can be applied in other islands or in microgrids, CRES noted and said residents are getting cheaper energy.

The government launched its Islands Decarbonization Fund last year, with financing from the European Investment Bank (EIB). Together they aim to provide at least EUR 1.6 billion, and mobilize total investments of EUR 3 billion to EUR 5 billion.

In the hot summer months, there are many non-interconnected islands that can’t meet their power demand, especially because of the tourist season. Some are also struggling with water supply, prompting the need for desalination, which requires electricity. They rely on fuel oil generators.

The country’s Independent Power Transmission Operator (IPTO or, in Greek, Admie) is investing in major interconnection projects. A link to the mainland grid has improved the living conditions in the Cyclades islands of Syros, Paros and Mykonos. Together with a project for the western part of the archipelago, the transmission system operator is planning subsea cables to the Dodecanese and the Northeast Aegean.