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June 3, 2025
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Serbia drafts just transition action plan

Serbia plans to invest EUR 88.8 million by 2030, through its just transition action plan, in activities aimed at mitigating the impacts of the planned reduction in coal-based energy production, and ensuring a just transition.

The Ministry of Mining and Energy has published a draft just transition action plan and launched a public debate. Within the process, it scheduled a meeting for June 9 in the Chamber of Commerce and Industry (PKS) in Belgrade.

A decarbonization plan will be subsequently defined, including for the shutdown of coal power plants and the transition of underground mines run by state-owned firm JP PEU Resavica, the document reads.

The draft includes an analysis of the planned closure of two coal power plants

The draft contains an analysis of the planned closure of coal-fired thermal power plants Kolubara A and Morava, the oldest in the country. State-owned power utility Elektroprivreda Srbije (EPS) operates them, alongside four other such facilities and open pit mining complexes Kolubara and Kostolac, while Resavica comprises nine mines.

Of note, EPS presented a preliminary plan in 2023 for shutting down its coal power plants.

A significant workforce reduction in lignite production is expected after 2030

The total number of employees in coal power plants and coal mines in Serbia is 25,288. About 20,000 are in the mines.

If the Kolubara and Morava plants were closed, about 472 jobs in the Kolubara region could be indirectly affected, mainly within subcontractors and firms in EPS’s value chain. The draft’s authors estimated that at Rembas, the largest mine within JP PEU Resavica, a total of 930 jobs could be directly affected by 2030, with an additional 958 to 1,367 jobs in indirect risk, primarily in mining subcontractors.

New jobs in the renewable energy sector

Citing Serbia’s Integrated National Energy and Climate Plan, the document adds the thermal power plants are expected to operate at reduced capacity after 2030, but that an accelerated closure is not foreseen. It would result in significant job cuts in lignite production, the draft reads.

The draft’s authors expect the transition to a green economy to create full-time jobs by 2030 and beyond, nationwide, in the construction, management, and maintenance of new renewable energy capacities.

The renewable energy industry in Serbia is projected to create up to 6,105 jobs across the country by 2030, of which 4,397 in the solar energy sector.

EUR 60 million allocated for industrial parks

Out of the planned EUR 88.6 million, the largest portion – EUR 60 million, would be allocated for the improvement of economic infrastructure in existing industrial parks. Local authorities would get grants to upgrade them, amounting to EUR 12 million.

The measure is expected to diversify local economies and attract new investments within industrial parks in affected areas.

The second-largest allocation in the draft would be EUR 12 million for an entrepreneurship and self-employment support program. It includes grants and tax incentives for starting new businesses, with investments of at least EUR 50,000 for small and medium-sized enterprises and EUR 10,000 for self-employed individuals.

Again, the initiative is expected to facilitate the creation of at least 200 businesses and support 200 self-employed individuals.

The draft is the result of a project financed by the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD). It began in October 2021.

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June 3, 2025
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Third Regional Power Sector Exchange in Ohrid: Power grids at core of energy transition

The third Regional Power Sector Exchange of the Western Balkans in Ohrid in North Macedonia gathered over 80 energy professionals from the region to discuss the future of electricity decarbonization and the urgent need to modernize power infrastructure.

Organised under the framework of the Regional Climate Partnership between Germany and the Western Balkans, the conference brought together representatives of transmission and distribution system operators, energy regulators, and energy ministries to accelerate coordinated action toward a greener, more resilient power system.

“No grids, no glory. This slogan captures the challenge in front of us. Without investment in power grids, adaptable regulation, and skilled professionals, the renewable energy transition cannot succeed,” Project Manager at GIZ Nicolas Heger said in his welcoming remarks.

Oberhuber: The Western Balkans have the potential to become a major exporter of clean electricity

Opening addresses were delivered by David Oberhuber, GIZ Country Director in North Macedonia, Anca-Iulia Cimpeanu, European Commission (DG ENER), and Davor Bajs, Energy Community Secretariat.

In his keynote speech, Oberhuber stressed the region’s strategic importance in the Regional Climate Partnership.

The Western Balkans has the potential to become a major exporter of clean electricity to Western Europe and a hub for investment and innovation in renewable energy, he said.

North Macedonia is advancing its energy transition by expanding renewables – solar power capacity reached 506 MW in 2023 – and reducing coal dependency, although thermal power plants still accounted for 47.3% of total electricity production in early 2024.

In 2023, renewables made up 33.15% of electricity generation, with households, transport, and industry as the top energy consumers.

To accelerate the shift, tailored support projects were launched. The Energy, Water Services and Municipal Waste Management Services Regulatory Commission is tackling the surge in renewables applications. Distribution system operator (DSO) EVN is focusing on smart grids and energy quality, and transmission system operator (TSO) MEPSO is exploring options to reduce balancing costs through regional market mechanisms.

Six tailored support projects presented

The event included three sessions on tailored support projects.

Professor Nermin Suljanović presented the project Concept on Data Exchange Between System Operators in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

The data platform enables automatic data exchange among all actors in the electricity market in Bosnia and Herzegovina, ensuring data interoperability and harmonized communication interfaces, according to Suljanović.

He also outlined the project Technical Specification and Requirements for Integration of Renewables into DSO Telecommunication Network.

E-mobility is not only related to energy but also to transportation, telecommunication, data security

A project titled Procedure for Handling RES Connection Requests to the Grid – Queue Management was presented by expert Miltos Aslanoglou, and the Roadmap for Creating a Legal and Regulatory Framework for EV Charging by expert Dejan Stojadinović.

“EU legislation on this matter is a good base for the Western Balkan countries to prepare relevant legal and regulatory frameworks. E-mobility is not only related to energy but also to transportation, telecommunication, data security, and other issues,” Stojadinović said.

Goran Majstrović, Deputy Director and Head of the Energy Transmission and Distribution Department at Energy Institute Hrvoje Požar (EIHP), gave an insight into the project Feasibility Analysis and Funding Assessment for using Dynamic Line Rating (DLR) on the Kosovo* Transmission Grid.

Simplification of Procedures for Prosumer Connection to the Distribution Network in the Federation of BiH was the name of the project introduced by expert Goran Dobrić.

The need for regionally integrated networks has never been greater

Blackouts in both Southern and Southeastern Europe have highlighted vulnerabilities in grid infrastructure amidst growing shares of renewable energy. The need for modern, flexible, and regionally integrated networks has never been greater.

The event was part of a wider regional project implemented by GIZ on behalf of the German government, supporting the integration of renewables and enhancing energy security across the WB6.

In just two years, the project has supported over 30 institutions, trained more than 135 energy professionals, and facilitated the development of the Action Plan for Power Grids in the Western Balkans, in cooperation with the Energy Community Secretariat.

Network redesigns are lagging behind renewables by seven to ten years

Goran Majstrović from Energy Institute Hrvoje Požar presented the Action Plan for Power Grids in the Western Balkans.

“The path to integration of renewables is not just replacing power plants but redesigning the entire system to accommodate them. Network redesigns are lagging behind renewables by seven to ten years,” he asserted.

In the plan, the required grid investments by 2030 in the six countries of the Western Balkans (WB6) are estimated at EUR 10 billion to EUR 14 billion. Investments in primary equipment are seen at EUR 6 billion to EUR 8 billion. As for secondary equipment (digitalization), the forecasted tally is EUR 4 billion to EUR 6 billion.

Phase 2 of the project Green Agenda: Decarbonisation of the Electricity Sector in the Western Balkans is scheduled for completion in 2028. The Regional Power Sector Exchange will remain a key platform for cooperation, helping ensure the energy transition in the region is just and inclusive.

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* This designation is without prejudice to positions onstatus and is in line with UNSCR 1244/99 and the ICJ Opinion on the Kosovo declaration of independence.
June 3, 2025
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Maja Maćić: Alcazar Energy expands presence in Western Balkans

Alcazar Energy is an independent sustainable infrastructure fund focused on renewable energy in emerging markets. It has been present in the Balkans since 2022 and is developing projects in Serbia, Montenegro, and North Macedonia. Maja Maćić, Balkans Platform Head of Alcazar Energy, said at Belgrade Energy Forum (BEF 2025) that the company expects to launch construction activities for some of its projects later this year.

Alcazar plays a significant role in the development of the renewable energy sector in MENAT (Middle East, North Africa, and Turkey) and the Balkans, including projects in Montenegro, Serbia, and North Macedonia.

The company’s presence in the Western Balkans began with the Bijela wind farm project in Montenegro, planned at 118.8 MW. According to Maja Maćić, Alcazar Energy is in the final stages of preparing the technical and other required documentation for the construction permit.

The Bijela wind farm will be in operation by the end of 2028.

“We expect to have the fully permitted project in the third quarter of this year and to close financing by the end of the year, to initiate some early construction activities within this year, but to have construction in 2026 and 2027, with the main aim to have the operational project by the end of 2028,” Maćić said.

The Celzijus wind farm project is one of the largest in the region

By acquiring the largest wind power project in North Macedonia, for the Štip wind farm, Alcazar Energy has expanded its regional presence by 400 MW.

According to Maćić, the company expects to secure all required permits by the end of the year and begin construction. “Due to an improved legislation framework, we have made significant progress in North Macedonia and Montenegro, and we are proud that soon we will have construction activities and engage local companies on the sites,” she stated.

Last year, Alcazar Energy acquired the Celsius 1 wind farm project in Serbia, for 200 MW in capacity. It signed a deal with RP Global, which was developing the project before that. Their transaction includes a portfolio of additional wind and solar projects, totaling 768 MW. The investment in Celsius 1 is estimated at USD 300 million, which would make it one of the largest wind farms in the region.

“We believe that we will also manage to make significant progress in Serbia in order to deploy local companies and international companies, fulfilling the highest international standards and our local policies,” Maćić said.

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June 2, 2025
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Turkish Egesa Enerji to build two solar power plants in Serbia’s Vojvodina province

Turkish company Egesa Enerji has launched a project to build two solar power plants in Vojvodina, with a total peak capacity of 8.6 MW. The investor has signed an agreement with the contractors, and construction is slated to begin in the coming months, according to a statement by Serbian company Solarna energija budućnosti (SEB), which will supply the equipment.

One of the two solar power plants will be built in the village of Aradac near Zrenjanin, with a peak capacity of 4.2 MW, while the other one, of 4.4 MW, will be located in Odžaci. Both will be connected to the distribution grid, in line with a strategy for developing localized and decentralized electricity generation, according to the statement. Vojvodina is Serbia’s northern province.

The solar power plants will help decentralize power generation

The main contractor for the two turnkey projects is Serbian firm Electric Power Construction (EPC). The contractor consortium also includes Bey Han from Turkey, which has built over 250 MW of solar capacity in its home country.

The investor, Egesa Enerji, has completed a large number of projects in three countries and currently operates solar power plants with a total peak capacity of 170 MW, according to the Turkish company’s website.

Egesa Enerji operates solar power plants of 170 MW overall

The project is being carried out through Egesa Enerji’s subsidiary Temo Power, registered in Belgrade.

Vojvodina seen as priority area for investment in solar

In the statement, SEB said that Vojvodina, the part of Serbia with the lowest installed solar capacity, has been identified as a priority area for this type of investment.

“Such projects are exactly what Serbia’s distribution network needs most at this moment – local, stable production with clear timeframes and well-known technologies,” said Danilo Drndarski from the contractor consortium.

It is particularly important that the capacities are being deployed in Vojvodina, where there is a substantial imbalance between electricity consumption and local production, he added. Drndarski is the founder of SEB and EPC.

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June 2, 2025
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Green for Growth Fund launches partnership with Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency

An agreement between the Green for Growth Fund (GGF) and Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida) enabled the expansion of green lending in the Western Balkans and the European Union’s Eastern Neighborhood. With the new unfunded guarantee of EUR 60 million, GGF can provide EUR 120 million in loans through financial intermediaries and directly to companies.

The Green for Growth Fund established a new partnership, with the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency. It facilitates GGF’s first risk-sharing, unfunded guarantee. The Luxembourg-based fund and Sweden’s development cooperation agency said they both support real economies and acceleration of the green transition in the Western Balkans and the countries of the EU’s Eastern Neighborhood.

The signed unfunded guarantee amounts to EUR 60 million. It enables GGF to provide EUR 120 million in loans to private businesses and households through financial intermediaries and directly to companies. The package is for urgently needed investments in the decarbonization of the economy – expanding renewable energy generation and improving energy efficiency.

With unfunded portfolio risk-sharing facilities, international financing institutions or similar lenders and agencies accept a share of risk in an investment instead of committing capital.

New funding approach is major milestone for Green for Growth Fund

The Green for Growth Fund promotes energy efficiency and renewable energy in Southeast Europe, the Caucasus, Middle East and North Africa. By providing refinancing to local financial institutions, it helps businesses and households access sustainable energy solutions, fostering energy efficiency and reducing carbon emissions.

GGF was initiated as a public-private partnership by the European Investment Bank and Germany’s KfW Development Bank, with financial support from the European Union, the German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ) and other international investors. Finance in Motion serves as GGF’s advisor.

“We are excited to welcome Sida as a new guarantee partner to the Green for Growth Fund. This innovative funding approach, being the first of its kind for us, represents a major milestone. We are grateful to Finance in Motion for their exceptional work in structuring this deal. This partnership not only strengthens our capacity to support green initiatives but also enhances our ability to prepare financial institutions and businesses for future opportunities in the EU market,” GGF’s Board Chairperson Simon Gupta stated.

Bridging investment gap in high-risk markets

The Swedish International Development Cooperation’s Agency’s Assistant Director General Kjell Forsberg, responsible for trade, private sector and financial instruments, said the partnership is aimed at supporting countries highly prioritized by Sweden. The guarantee collaboration between the agency and the Green for Growth Fund bridges the investment gap in high-risk markets while complementing other Swedish official development assistance (ODA) contributions as well as the European Union’s programs.

“We are grateful to Sida for their partnership and support. This collaboration is crucial for the Green for Growth Fund, enhancing our efforts in promoting energy efficiency and renewable energy projects,” said Borislav Kostadinov, Fund Director of GGF at Finance in Motion.

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June 2, 2025
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Workshop on power grid development in Western Balkans held by GIZ, Energy Community Secretariat

The development of grid infrastructure in the Western Balkans is a crucial step in the region’s energy transition. In support of the Green Agenda for the Western Balkans, GIZ, in cooperation with the Energy Community Secretariat, organized a Strategic Workshop on Power Grids, with a focus on a concrete action plan for the entire region.

Without the development of grid infrastructure, large-scale electrification based on clean energy sources is not possible. The process requires significant investments and new solutions for operating the grid. Existing power lines will need to be reinforced, while new infrastructure, especially on low and medium voltage levels, as well as interconnectors, must be built over the next ten years.

The recent large-scale power outage in Southern Europe, and the one in the Western Balkans in 2024, are a stark reminder of the importance of ensuring system stability amid the growing use of renewables and the need for preventive safety measures. A functional and reliable electricity supply is key to gaining broad public support for alternative energy sources and green policies.

The Strategic Workshop on Power Grids, organized by GIZ in Vienna as part of the project Green Agenda: Decarbonization of the Electricity Sector in the Western Balkans, in cooperation with the Energy Community Secretariat, brought together representatives from transmission and distribution system operators, along with experts from the Hrvoje Požar Energy Institute (EIHP), intending to develop the Action Plan for Power Grids in the Western Balkans.

The action plan provides a clear roadmap for grid development in the Western Balkans

Electricity networks in Western Balkan countries were not designed to meet the challenges of the 21st century. Although the countries in the region have adopted very ambitious decarbonization and renewable energy integration targets, around two thirds of electricity generation comes from coal-fired power plants, according to Goran Majstrović, Deputy Director and Head of the Energy Transmission and Distribution Department at EIHP.

“Regional power networks remain constrained by outdated assets, insufficiently utilized interconnection capacities, administrative bottlenecks, and inadequate digitalization. Without urgent and coordinated action, the power network in the Western Balkans will become a serious bottleneck to secure operation and progress rather than a platform for transformation and development,” Majstrović explains.

Without urgent and coordinated action, the electricity network in the Western Balkans could become a serious obstacle to secure operation and progress, instead of being a platform for transformation and development, he warned.

The Western Balkan Action Plan for Power Grids directly addresses the root causes of recent blackouts, including extreme weather events, aging infrastructure, and the growing share of variable renewable energy sources, particularly wind and solar, as their output is sensitive to any changes in weather conditions.

By focusing on grid modernization, regional coordination, and system resilience, the plan offers a concrete roadmap for preventing future outages. It also promotes investment in smart grid technologies, cross-border interconnectors, and digital system monitoring, all of which are essential for adapting to growing demand and fluctuations in electricity production.

The action plan is a strong expression of regional cooperation in the power sector

Crucially, the plan strengthens operational cooperation among system operators across the Western Balkans region, enabling a more flexible and integrated regional grid. In doing so, it lays the foundation for a stable and secure energy transition based on renewables, helping the region become a reliable supplier of clean electricity to Europe.

According to Goran Majstrović, the Action Plan for Western Balkans Grids provides a forward-looking and regionally harmonized strategy to address the challenges. It is built on the vision of the European Union’s Action Plan for Grids and aligns closely with the Sofia Declaration on the Green Agenda for the Western Balkans, the Energy Community framework, and each country’s national energy and climate plan (NECP).

The document is a strong expression of collaboration of the Western Balkans power sector in a matter of high mutual interest – mobilizing attention, human and financial resources for a rapid energy transition, enabled by sustainable, interconnected, and resilient power infrastructure.

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